题目内容:
根据以下材料,回答题 EbolaOutbreak
1.YouarelikelyawarethatseveralcountriesinWestAfricaarebattinganEbolaOutbreak.Ebolaisadangerousandoftenlethalviralinfection.Scientistsbelievethathumanscontactedthevirusbyeatingthemeatofrareanimals.Itisnowbelievedthatbatsaretheprimarycarriersofthevirus.
2.Todate,thereareonlythreemajorcountriesinWestAfricaexperiencingamajoroutbreak:
SierraLeone,LiberiaandGuinea.However,othercountriessuchasNigeriahavereportedconfirmedcasesofEbolawithintheirborders.
3.UnlessyourecentlyvisitedoneofthethreeaffectedWestcountries,yourriskofcontactingthevirusisvirtuallyzero.UnlikeotherrecentairbornevirusoutbreakslikeSARS,theEbolaviruscanonlybespreadthroughdirectcontactwithaninfectedperson.Specifically,Ebolaisspreadthroughcontactwithbodyfluids.Thoughthevirusistransmittable,onlyaninfectedpersonexhibitingsymptomsiscommunicable.
4.ThesignsandsymptomsofEbolaarenon-specificandpatientstypicallyexhibitthemafteraweekofcontactingthevirus.Symptomsmayappearasearlyastwodaysoraslateasthreeweeksafterinitialinfection.Symptomsincludedisgust,weaknessandstomachpain.Moreuncommonsymptomsincludechestpain,bleedingandsorethroat.
5.Ebolaisdevastatingbecauseofitsabilitytoattackandreplicateineveryorganofthebody.
Thiscausesanoverstimulationofthebody'sinflammatoryresponse,causingtheflu-likesymptoms.Thevirusalsocausesbleedingandimpairsthebody'snormalclottingmechanism(凝血机制),makingbleedingevenmoresevere.Lossofbloodvolumeanddecreasedorganperfusion(器官灌注)ultimatelyleadtoorganfailureanddeath.
6.Thecurrentoutbreakisthedeadliestviraloutbreakinover35years.Whilediseasessuchasthemalaria(疟疾)arefarmorecommunicable,Ebolaisoneoftheworld'smostfatalviralinfections.Ebola'sfatalityrateexceedsthatofSARS.
Paragraph2__________ A.AmIatriskofcontactingthevirus?
B.Isthecurrentoutbreakthedeadlines?
C.HowdoIknowifIhavecontactedthevirus?
D.Whatareasarecurrentlyaffected?
E.WhatexactlydoesEboladotothebody?
F.WhatcausedtheEbolaoutbreak?
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