题目内容：
TheTouch-ScreenGeneration
Onachillydaylastspring,afewdozendevelopersofchildren'sapps(应用程序)forphonesandtablets(平板电脑)gatheredatanoldbeachresortinMonterey,California,toshowofftheirgames．ThegatheringwasorganizedbyWarren．Buckleitner,alongtimereviewerofinteractivechildren'smedia．Buckleitnerspentthebreakstestingwhetherhisownremote-controlhelicoptercouldreachthehall's．secondstory,whilevariouschildrenwhohadcomewiththeirparentslookedupinawe(敬畏)anddelight．Butmostlytheylookeddown,attheiPadsandothertabletsdisplayedaroundthehalllikesomanyopenboxesofcandy．Iwalkedaroundandtalkedwithdevelopers,andseveralquotedafamoussayingofMariaMontessori's,"Thehandsaretheinstrumentsofman'sintelligence．"B．What,really,wouldMariaMontessorihavemadeofthisscene?The30orsochildrenherewerenotdownattheshorepoking(戳)theirfingersinthesandorrunningthemalongstonesorpickingseashells．Insteadtheywereallinside,aloneoringroupsoftwoorthree,theirfacesafewinchesfromascreen,theirhandsdoingthingsMontessorisurelydidnotimagine．
C．In2011,theAmericanAcademyofPediatricsupdated．itspolicyonveryyoungchildrenandmedia-In1999,thegrouphaddiscouragedtelevisionviewingforchildrenyoungerthan2,citingresearchonbraindevelopmentthatshowedthisagegroup'scriticalneedfor"directinteractionswithparentsandothersignificantcaregivers．"Theupdatedreportbeganbyacknowledgingthatthingshadchangedsignificantlysincethen．In2006,90%ofparentssaidthattheirchildrenyoungerthan2consumedsomeformofelectronicmedia．Nevertheless,thegrouptooklargelythesameapproachitdidin1999,uniformlydiscouragingpassivemediause,onanytypeofscreen,forthesekids．(Forolderchildren,theacademynoted,"high-qualityprograms"couldhave"'educationalbenefits．")The2011reportnentioned"smartcellphone"and"newscreen"technologies,butdidnotaddressinteractive-apps．Nordiditbringupthepossibilitythathaslikelyoccurredtothose90%ofAmericanparentsthatsomegoodmightcomefromthoselittleswiping(在电子产品上刷)fingers．
D．Ihadcometothedevelopers'conferencepartlybecauseIhopedthatthisparticularsetofparents,enthusiasticastheywereaboutinteractivemedia,mighthelpmeoutofthisproblem,thattheymightoffersomeguidingprincipleforAmericanparentswhoareclearlynevergoingtomeettheacademy'sideals,andatsomeleveldonotwantto．Perhapsthisgroupwouldbeabletoexpressclearlysome
benefitsofthenewtechnologythatthemorecautiousdoctorsweren'treadytoaddress．
E．IfellintoconversationwithawomanwhohadhelpeddevelopMontessoriLetterSounds,anappthatteachespreschoolerstheMontessorimethodsofspelling．ShewasaformerMontessoriteacherandamotheroffour．ImyselfhavethreechildrenWhoareallfansofthetouchscreen．Whatgamesdidherkidsliketoplay,Iasked,hopingforsuggestionsIcouldtakehome．
"Theydon'tplayallthatmuch．"Really?Whynot?
"BecauseIdon'tallowit．Wehavearuleofnoscreentimeduringtheweek,unlessit'sclearlyeducational．"
Noscreentime?Noneatall?Thatseemsattheouteredgeofrestrictive,evenbythestandardsofovercontrollingparents．
"Ontheweekends,theycanplay．Igivethemalimitofhalfanhourandthenstop．Enough．"
F．HeranswersosurprisedmethatIdecidedtoasksomeoftheotherdeveloperswhowerealsoparentswhattheirdomesticgroundrulesforscreentimewere．Onesaidonlyonairplanesandlongcarrides．AnothersaidWednesdaysandweekends,forhalfanhour．Themostpermissivesaidhalfanhouraday,whichwasaboutmyruleathome．AtonepoingIsatwithoneofthebiggestdevelopersofe-bookappsforkids,andhisfamily．Thesmallkidwasstartingtofussinherhighchair,sothemornstuckaniPadinfrontofherandplayedashortmoviesoeveryoneelsecouldenjoytheirlunch．Whenshesawmewatching,shegavemetheuniversaltenselookofmotherswhofeeltheyarebeingjudged．"Athome,"sheassuredme,"IonlyletherwatchmoviesinSpanish．"
G．Bytheirreactions,theseparentsmademeunderstandtheproblemofourage:astechnologybecomesalmosteverywhereinourlives,Americanparentsarebecomingmore,notless,distrustfulofwhatitmightbedoingtotheirchildren．Technologicalabilityhasnot,forparents,translatedintocomfortandease．Ontheonehand,parentswanttheirchildrentoswimexpertlyinthedigitals~reamthattheywillhavetonavigate(航行)alltheirlives;ontheotherhand,theyfearthattoomuchdigitalmedia,tooearly,willsinkthem．Parentsenduptreatingtabletsasprecisionsurgical(外科的)instruments,devicesthatmightperformmiraclesfortheirchild'sIQandhelphimwinsomegreatroboticscompetitionbutonlyiftheyareusedjustso．Otherwise,theirchildcouldenduponeof~thosesad,palecreatureswhocan'tmakeeyecontactandhasagirlfriendwholivesonlyinthevirtualworld．
H．NormanRockwell,a20th-centuryartist,neverpaintedBoySwipingFingeronScreen,andourownvisionofaperfectchildhoodhasneverbeenadjustedtoaccommodatethatnow-commonscene．Addtothatourmodernfearthateveryparentingdecisionmayhavelastingconsequences--thateveryminuteofenrichmentlostormindlessentertainmentindulged(放纵的)willadduptosomepermanenthandicap(障碍)inthefutureandyouhavedeepguiltandconfusion．Todate,nobodyofresearchhasprovedthattheiPadwillmakeyourpreschoolersmarterorteachhertospeakChinese,oralternativelythatitwillrusthernervoussystem--thedevicehasbeenoutforonlythreeyears,notmuchmorethanthetimeittakessomeacademicstofindfundingandgatherresearchsubjects．Sowhatmaparenttodo?
Theauthorattendedtheconference,hopingtofindsomeguidingprinciplesforparentinginthe electronicage．
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