题目内容:
Questionsarebasedonthefollowingpassage.
In1713,ItalianphysicianBernardinusRamazzinidescribedinhisbookamysterioussetofsymptomshewasnoticingamongartists:
"OfthemanypaintersIhaveknown,almostallIfoundunhealthy...Ifwesearchforthecauseoftheextremelythinandcolorlessappearanceofthepainters,aswellasthesadfeelingsthattheyaresooftenvictimsof,weshouldlooknofurtherthantheharmfulnatureofthepaint."
Hewasoneofthefirsttomaketheconnectionbetweenpaintandartists'health,butitwouldtakecenturiesforpainterstoswitchtoless-harmfulmaterials,evenasmedicinegraduallyfoundsomecluestothepainters'healthproblems.
The1834LondonMedicalandSurgicalJournaldescribessharpstomachpainsoccurringinpatientswithnootherevidenceofintestinal(肠的)disease,thusleadingtheauthorstosuspectthatthis"painter'sstomachache"wasa"nervousaffection"oftheintestinethatoccurswhenlead"isabsorbedintothesystem".
Paintsweren'ttheonlysourceofsaturnism(铅中毒)inpastcenturies,though.Throughthe1500s,leadwaswidelyusedinwinetomakethewinetastessweeter.Occasionally,leadwasevenusedasamedicine.IntheMiddleAges,leadcouldbefoundinmakeup.
Thoughmanykindsofpeoplefellvictimtosaturnism,thediseasewasperhapsmostwidespreadamongthosewhoworkedwithpaint.Thesymptomsofthis"stomachache"ranged,buttheyoftenincludedapaleface,toothloss,fatigue,painfulstomachaches,andsoon.Infact,theillnessthatmanyfamousartistsexperienceddidn'tjustprompttheirgloomyworks--theymighthavebeencausedbythem,too.
Leadpoisoningamonghistoricalfiguresisdifficulttoprove,inpartbecausetheconditionwasnotknownorrecognizedinmostoftheirlifetimes.Wecan'tknowwhetherthemadness,depression,andillnessesmanyRenaissancemastersexperiencedcanbeattributedtotheirpaintorjusttheirphysiologies.
Inhisbook,BernardinusRamazzinidescribedthefollowingsymptomsofmanypaintersexcept__________. A.paleappearance
B.feelingdepressed
C.beingextremelythin
D.beingalwaysenergetic
参考答案:
答案解析: