题目内容：
Questionssirebasedonthefollowingpassage． Accordingtosociologists，thereareseveraldifferentwaysinwhichapersonmaybecomerecognizedastheleaderofasocialgroup．Inthefamily，traditionalculturalpatternsconferleadershipononeorbothoftheparents．Inothercases，suchasfriendshipgroups，oneormorepersonsmaygraduallyemergeasleaders，althoughthereisnoformalprocessofselection．Inlargergroups，leadersareusuallychosenformallythroughelectionorrecruitment．
Althoughleadersareoftenthoughttobepeoplewithunusualpersonalability，decadesofresearchhavefailedtoproduceconsistentevidencethatthereisanycategoryof“naturalleaders”．Itseemsthatthereisnosetofpersonalqualitiesthatallleadershaveincommon；rather，virtuallyanypersonmayberecognizedasaleaderifthepersonhasqualitiesthatmeettheneedsofthatparticulargroup。
Researchsuggeststhattherearetypicallytwodifferentleadershiprolesthatareheldbydifferentindividuals．Instrumentalleadershipisleadershipthatemphasizesthecompletionoftasksbyasocialgroup．Groupmemberslooktoinstrumentalleadersto“getthingsdone”．Expressiveleadership．ontheotherhand，isleadershipthatemphasizesthecollectivewell—beingsofasocialgroup’smembers．Expressiveleadersarelessconcernedwiththeoverallgoalsofthegroupthanwithprovidingemotionalsupporttogroupmembersandattemptingtominimizetensionandconflictamongthem．
Instrumentalleadersarelikelytohavearathersecondaryrelationshiptoothergroupmembers．Expressiveleaderscultivateamorepersonalorprimaryrelationshiptoothersinthegroup．Theyoffersympathywhensomeoneexperiencesdifficultiesandtrytoresolveissuesthatthreatentodividethegroup．Asthedifferenceinthesetworolessuggest，expressiveleadersgenerallyreceivemorepersonalaffectionfromgroupmembers；instrumentalleaders，iftheyaresuccessfulinpromotinggroupgoals，mayenjoyamoredistantrespect．
Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss? A．Theproblemsfacedbyleaders．
B．Howleadershipdiffersinsmallandlargegroups．
C．Howsocialgroupsdeterminewhowillleadthem．
D．Theroleofleadersinsocialgroups．
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