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TheWorker'sRoleinManagement
Traditionally,ithasbeentheworker'sroletoworkandmanagement'sroletomange.
Managershaveplannedanddirectedthefirm'soperationwithlittlethoughtconsultingthelaborforce.Managershaverarelyfeltcompelled(强迫的)toobtaintheworker'sopinionsortoexplaintheirdecisionstotheiremployees.Atmost,companieshaveprovided"suggestionboxes"inwhichworkerscouldplaceideasforimprovingprocedures.Inrecentyears,however,manymanagementspecialistshavebeenarguingthatworkersaremorethansellersoflabor--theyhaveavitalstakeinthecompanyandmanybeabletomakesignificantcontributionstoitsmanagement.
Furthermore,majorcompanydecisionsprofoundlyaffectworkersandtheirdependents.Thisisparticularlytrueofplantclosings,whichmayputthousandsontheunemploymentlines.Shouldworkers,then,playastrongerroleinmanagement?
Workersshouldhavearoleinmanagement.Attheveryleast,thelaborforceshouldbeinformedofmajorpolicydecisions.(Acommoncomplaintamongrank-and-fileworkersisthelackofinformationaboutcompanypoliciesandactions.)Between1980and1985aboutfivemillionworkerswerethevictimsofplantclosingsandpermanentlayoffs(失业的)withnowarning.Atleast90-day'snoticeoughttobegiveninsuchinstancessothatworkershavetimetoadjust.
Managementshouldconsultworkersbeforeclosingaplant,becausetheworkersmightbeabletosuggestwaysofimprovingproductivityandreducingcostsandmightbewillingtomakeconcessionsthatwillkeeptheplantoperating.
Itshouldbecomeageneralpracticetoincludeworkersinsomemanagerialdecision-making.
Thereoughttoberepresentativesoftheworkersonthefirm'sboardofdirectorsorothermajorpolicymakinggroups.Ifrank-and-fileworkersaregivenavoiceintheplanningandmanagementoftheworkflow,theywillhelptomakeimprovement,theirmoralewillrise,andtheirproductivitywillincrease.Asafurtherincentive,theymustbegivenashareinthecompany'sprofits.Thiscanbedonethroughemployeestockownershipplans,bonuses,orrewardsforefficiencyandproductivity.Finally,whenaplantcannolongeroperateataprofit,theworkersshouldbegiventheopporttunitytopurchasetheplantandrunitthemselves.
ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph1thatmanagers__________. A.seldomobtainworkers'opinion
B.werenotqualified
C.dislikeworkers'opinions
D.neverconsultedthelaborforce
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