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31. (阅读理解题)Sleepless nights don’t just ruin your mood the next day ― they could also damage your waistline. According to new research in the August issue of the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, sleep deprivation can cause people to pack on extra pounds.Researchers at the New York Obesity Nutrition Research Centre at St. Luke’s-Roosevelt Hospital found that sleep-deprived people seem to burn the same number of calories as the well-rested, but they consume about 300 more calories a day. Given that it takes just 3,500 calories to add a pound to your body, those calories can quickly turn into extra weight.
But there are several other reasons that sleep loss could lead to weight gain, says sleep disorder specialist Michael Breus. When we get too little shut-eye, our metabolism(新陈代谢)slows down to conserve energy. That slowdown triggers the release of the hormone cortisol (荷尔蒙皮质醇), which increases appetite. Your body thinks it needs more energy, so it asks for more food.
In a vicious cycle, sleep loss also causes our bodies to release more ghrelin(饥饿激素), another hormone that signals hunger working in the normal way, your body wants more food and lacks the sensitivity to know when to stop eating. Not to mention that being awake more hours gives you more time to snack.
“The later you’re up at night, the greater the likelihood that your’re going to eat,” Breus says, and “yo
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