题目内容:
根据以下材料,回答题Text 1
"Junkscience"ishowElliotMorley,Britain'sministerresponsibleforgeneticallymodifiedfarming,describesstudiesthatclaimGMcropswouldbehazardoustoBritain'swildlifeandcon-sumers.
ThisweekthegovernmentgrantedpermissionforastrainofGMmaizetobegrowncom-merciallyascattlefeed.Thathasincensedenvironmentalistsandorganicfarmers,whosayGMis
unpopular(probablycorrect)andbasedonbadscience(probablynot).
Threeyearsoffieldtestinghaveshowntheherbicide-resistantmaize,Bayer'sChardonLL,tobesafeandevenkindertotheenvironmentthannon-GMmaize.Twoothercropsontrial--aGMsugar-beetandaGMoilseedrape--willnotbegrownbecausetheywereworseforbiodiversity(weeds)thanconventionalstrains.
ThetrialshavenotmadetheworriesaboutintroducingevenasafeGMcropgoaway,though.OpponentssayGMwillstealthilytakeoverthecountrybycross-pollination,willdamagewildlifeandintroducesomethingnastyintothehumanfoodchain.Howsolidisallthis?
EvidencefromAmerica,whichplanted105.7macresofbiotechcropsin2003,suggestscon-cernsareoverblown.Inpracticeitiseasytoseparatecropsandpreventthemfromcross-pollina-ting.Evenoilseedrape,whichisparticularlypromiscuous,canbekeptover99%pureifitisahundredmetresawayfromanotherplantation.Cross-pollinationprobablywillhappen,butsofarithascausednoproblems:geneticmaterialinplantschangesallthetimethroughsexualreproductionanyway.
Damagetowildlifeisdifficulttomeasure,butthereisevidencethatGMhashadapositiveeffect,withbirdsandinsectsreturningtoGMcottonplantationsinAmerica.Certainly,GMcropstendto
needfewerchemicalstoprotectthem.Monsantosaysitssugarbeet,whichwasontrialalongwiththeChardonmaize,requires46%lessherbicidethanaconventionalstrain.Supposedthreatsto
consumers,whetherhumanoranimal,arethemostflaky.OnerecentstudyappearedtoshowthatChardonmaizecouldbefataltocattle,buttheheiferinquestioninfactdiedfrom
botu-lism.TheBritishMedicalAssociationnowsaysthereis"verylittlepotentialforGMfoodstocauseharmfulhealtheffects"inpeopleeither.PeoplehavebeeneatingthestuffinAmericaforyears,
withnoilleffectssofar.
ThemessingaroundwithgeneticmaterialthatmakessomepeopledislikeGMcropshasgoneonforyearsinconventionalplantbreeding,wherecropsareexposedtoradiationandchemicalsto
encouragethemtomutate.AccordingtotheInternationalAtomicEnergyAgencyinVienna,over2,000typesofcrophavebeenbombardedwithgammaraystoproducemutants,manyof
whicharegrownbyorganicfarmers.
"Allfoodisfrankenfood,"accordingtoProfessorHowardDalton,chiefscientificadvisertotheDepartmentforFoodandRuralAffairs,"buteverybody'sgotusedtoit."Maybeeverybodywillget
usedtoGMsoon,too.
AccordingtotheBritishgovernment, A.geneticallymodifiedfarmingcanbedescribedasjunkscience.
B.GMcropsposehazardstoBritain'swildlifeandconsumers.
C.GMfoodisnotfavoredbythepublic.
D.akindofGMcropwillbegrownasanimalfeed.
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