单选题：The Operation Of InternationaI Airlines International airlin

The Operation Of InternationaI Airlines
International airlines have rediseovered the business traveler，the man or woman who regularly jets from country to country as part of the job．This does not neeessarily mean that airlines ever abandoned their business travelers． Instead，eompanies like Lufthansa and Swissair would right argue that they have always catered best for the executive class passengers．But many airlines could be accused of concentrating too heavily in the recent past on attracting passengers by volume，often at the expense of the regular traveler．Too often，they have seemed geared for quantity rather than quality．
Operating a major airline is essentially a matter of finding the right mix of passengers．The airlines need to fill up the back of their wide—bodied jets with low fare passengers，without forgetting that the front end should he filled with people who pay suhstalltially more for their tickets．
It is no coincidence that the two major airline bankruptcies were among the companies specializing in cheap flights．But low fares require consistently full aircraft to make flights economically viable，and in the recent recession the volume of traffic has not grown．Equally the large number of airlines jostling for the available passengers has created a huge excess of capacity．The net result of excess capacity and cut—throat competition driving down fares had been to push some airlines into collapse and leave many others hovering on the brink．
Against this grim background，it is no surprise that airlines are turning increasingly towards the business travelers to improve their rates of return．They have invested much time and effort to establish exactly what the executive demands for sitting apart from the tourists．
High on the list of priorities is punctuality；an executive’s time is money．In—flight service is another area where the airlines are jostling for the executive’s attention．The free drinks and headsets and better food are all part of the lure．
Another development has been the accent of seating arrangements．Regular travelers have become well versed in the debate about seat pitch-the amount of room between each passenger．And first-class passengers are now offered sleeperettes， which，for long journeys，make it possible to snatch a proper night’s sleep．Sleeperettes have proved so popular that they will soon become universal
in the front end of most aircraft．
The airlines are also trying to improve things on the ground．Executive lounges are commonplace and intended to make the inevitable waiting between flights a little more bearable．Luggage handling is being improved．Regrettably，there is little the airlines can do to speed up the boring immigration and customs process，which manages to upset and frustrate passengers of all classes in every continent．
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