题目内容：
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
In the 1960s, Douglas McGregor, one of the key thinkers in the art of management, developed the mow famous Theory X and Theory Y. Theory X is the idea that people instinctively51_________work and will do anything to avoid it. Theory Y is the view that everyone has the potential to find satisfaction in work.
In any case, despite so much evidence to the52 _________ , many managers still agree to Theory X. They believe,53_________, that their employees need constant supervision if they are to work effectively, or that decisions must be imposed from54_________without consultation. This, of course, makes for authoritarian (专制的) managers.
Different cultures have different ways of55_________people. Unlike authoritarian management, some cultures, particularly in Asia, are well known for the consultative nature of decision-making—all members of the department or work group are asked to56_________to this process. This is management by the collective opinion. Many western companies have tried to imitate such Asian ways of doing things, which are based on general57_________. Some experts say that women will become more effective managers than men because they have the power to reach common goals in a way that traditional58_________managers cannot.
A recent trend has been to encourage employees to use their own initiative, to make decisions on their own without59_________managers first. This empowerment (授权) has been part of the trend towards downsizing:60_________the number of management layers in companies. After de-layering in this way, a company may be61_________with just a top level of senior managers, front-line managers and employees with direct contact with the public. Empowerment takes the idea of delegation (委托) much further than has62_________been the case. Empowerment and delegation mean new forms of management control to63_________that the overall business plan is being followed, and that operations become more profitable under the new organization, rather than less.
Another trend is off-site or64_________management, where teams of people linked by e-mail and the Internet work on projects from their own houses. Project managers evaluate the65_________ of the team members in terms of what they produce for projects, rather than the amount of time they spend on them.
根据材料请回答
51_________
A. desire
B. seek
C.lose
D.dislike
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