题目内容：
A.WhenLaTishaStylesgraduatedfromKennesawStateUniversityinGeorgiain2006shehad$35,000ofstudentdebt.ThisobligationwouldhavebeeneasytodischargeifherSpanishdegreehadhelpedherlandawell-paidjob.
ButthereisnoshortageofSpanish-speakersinanationthatbordersLatinAmerica.SoMsStylesfoundherselfworkinginaclothesshopandafast-foodrestaurantfornomorethan$11anhour.
B.Frustrated,shetookthebravedecisiontogobacktothesamecollegeandstudysomethingmorepragmatic(务实的).Shemajoredinfinance,andnowhasagoodjobataninvestmentconsultingfirm.Herdebthasincreasedto$65,000,butshewillhavelittletroublepayingitoff.
C．AsMsStyles'sstoryshows,thereisnosimpleanswertothequestion"Iscollegeworthit?"Somedegreespayforthemselves;othersdon't.Americanschool-kidsconsideringwhethertotakeonhugestudentloansareconstantlytoldthatcollegeisthegateway(大门入口；途径)tothemiddleclass.Thetruthismoresubtle,asBarackObamahintedwhenhesaidinJanuary2014that"folkscanmakealotmore"bylearningatrade"thantheymightwithanarthistorydegree".Anangryarthistoryprofessorforcedhimtoapologise,buthewasright.
D．Collegegraduatesaged25to32whoareworkingfulltimeearnabout$17,500moreannuallythantheirpeerswhohaveonlyahighschooldiploma,accordingtothePewResearchCentre.Butnotalldegreesareequallyuseful.
Andgivenhowmuchtheycost,manystudentsendupworseoffthaniftheyhadstartedworkingat18.
E．PayScale,aresearchfirm,hasgathereddataonthegraduatesofmorethan900universitiesandcolleges,askingthemwhattheystudiedandhowmuchtheynowearn.Thecompanythenfactorsinthecostofadegree,afterfinancialaid.Fromthis,PayScaleestimatesthefinancialreturnsofmanydifferenttypesofdegree.
F．Unsurprisingly,engineeringisagoodchoicewhereveryoustudyit.AnengineeringgraduatefromtheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeleycanexpecttobenearly$1.1millionbetteroffafter20yearsthansomeonewhoneverwenttocollege.Eventheleastprofitableengineeringcoursesgenerateda20-yearreturnofalmost$500,000.
G．Artsandhumanitiescoursesaremuchmorevaried.Alldoubtlessnourishthesoul,butnotallfattenthewallet.AnartsdegreefromarigorousschoolsuchasColumbiaortheUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiegopaysoffhandsomely.
ButanartsgraduatefromMurrayStateUniversityinKentuckycanexpecttomake$147,000lessover20yearsthanahighschoolgraduate,afterpayingforhiseducation.
H．CollegesthatscorebadlywillnodoubtcomplainthatPayScale'sstudyarebasedonrelativelysmallnumbersofgraduatesfromeachinstitution.Someschoolsareunfairlyaffectedbythelocaljobmarket.Andpoorcollegeswilllookworsethanrichonesthatofferlotsoffinancialaid,sincereducingthecostofadegreeraisesitsreturn.
I．Butoverall,thePayScalestudysurelyoverstatesthefinancialvalueofacollegeeducation.Itdoesnotcomparegraduates'earningstowhattheywouldhaveearned,hadtheyskippedcollege.Itcomparestheirearningstothoseofpeoplewhodidnotgotocollege--manyofwhomdidnotgobecausetheywerenotcleverenoughtogetin.Thus,someofthepremium(额外的报酬)thatgraduatesearnsimplyreflectsthefactthattheyare,onaverage,moreintelligentthannon-graduates.
J．Whatisnotindoubtisthatthecostofuniversityperstudenthasrisenbyalmostfivetimestherateofinflationsince1983,andgraduatesalarieshavbeenflatformuchofthepastdecade.Studentdebthasgrownsolargethatitstopsmanyyoungpeoplefrombuyinghouses,startingbusinessesorhavingchildren.Thosewhoborrowedforabachelor'sdegreegrantedin2012oweanaverageof$29,400.TheProjectonStudentDebt,anon-profit,saysthat15%ofborrowersdefaultwithinthreeyearsofenteringrepayment(偿还).Atfor-profitcollegestherateis22%.
K．Theburdenisstillheavyformany.Itdoesnothelpthatnearlyathirdofthosewhotakeoutsuchloanseventuallydropoutofcollege;theymuststillrepaytheirdebts.Athirdtransfertodifferentschools.Manyfour-yeardegreesdragonlonger,andsocostmore.
L．Thecurrentbadnationaljobmarketdoesnothelp,either.AreportbyMcKinsey,aconsultancy,foundthat42%ofrecentgraduatesareinjobsthatrequirelessthanafour-yearcollegeeducation.Some41%ofgraduatesfromthenation'stopcollegescouldnotfindjobsintheirchosenfield;andhalfofallgraduatessaidtheywouldchooseadifferentmajororschool.
M．Chegg,acompanythatprovidesonlinehelptostudents,collaborated(合作)withthestudy.Dan,itsboss,saysthatonlyhalfofgraduatesfeelpreparedforajobintheirfield,andonly39%ofmanagersfeelthatstudentsarereadyfortheworkforce.Studentsoftencannotwriteclearlyororganisetheirtimesensibly.Fourmillionjobsareunfilledbecausejobseekerslacktheskillsemployersneed.
N．Foralltheirflaws,studieslikePayScale'shelpwould-bestudents(andtheirparents)makemoreinformedchoices.AsAmericansstarttorealisehowmuchabadchoicecanhurtthem,theywilldemandmoretransparency(透明度).Somecollegesareprovidingit,urgedbythefederalgovernment.Forexample,theUniversityofTexasrecentlylaunchedawebsiteshowinghowmuchitsgraduatesearnandoweafterfiveyears.
O."Opportunity",saidMrObamaonApril2nd2014,"meansmakingcollegemoreaffordable."Intime,transparencyandtechnologywillforcemanycollegestocutcostsandraisequality.Onlineeducationwillacceleratethetrend.In2012,6.7mstudentsweretakingatleastoneonlinecourse.Suchcoursesallowstudentstolistentofinelecturerswithouthavingtopayforluxuriousdormitoriesorarmiesofcollegeofficials.Theywillnotreplacetraditionalcolleges--face-to-faceclassesarestillvaluable--buttheywillforcethemtoadapt.Thosethatofferpoorvalueformoneywillhavetoshapeup,ordisappear.
Artsandhumanitiescoursesaresurelybeneficialtothesoul,butnotallofthemcanbringfortune.
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