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根据以下资料，回答题：Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese． Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2．
The world’s environment is surprisingly healthy．Discuss．If there were an examination topic， most students would tear it apart．offering a long list of complaints from local smog(烟雾)to global climate change，from the felling(砍伐)of forests to the extinction of species．The list would largely be accurate，the concern legitimate．61) Yet the students who should be given the highest marks would actually be those who agreed with the statement．The surprise is how good things are，not how bad．
After all,the world’s population has more than tripled during this century，and world output has risen hugely，so you would expect the earth itself to have been affected．Indeed，if people lived，consumed and produced things in the sarrle way as they did in l900(or 1950，or indeed 1980)，the world by now would be a pretty disgusting place，smelly，dirty，toxic and dangerous． But they don't．62)The reasons why they don't,and why the environment has not been ruined, have to do with prices,technological innovation,social change and government regulation in response to popular pressure． That is why today’ s environmental problems in the poor countries ought，in principle，to be solvable．Raw materials have not run out，and show no sign of doing S0．Logically，one day they must：the planet is a finite place．Yet it is also very bi9，and man is very ingenious．63)What has happened is that every time a material seems to be running short,the price has risen and,in response,people have looked for new sources of supply,tried to find ways to use less of the materal,or looked for a new substitute.
For this reason prices for energy and for minerals have fallen in real terms during the century．The same is true for food．64)Prices fluctuate,in response to harvests,natural disasters and politi-cal instability；and when they rise,it takes some time before new sources of suppply become availa-ble．But they always do，assisted by new farming and crop technology．The long term fiend has been downwards．
65)It is where prices and markets do not operate properly that this benign(良性的)trend be-gins to stumble，and the genuine problems arise．Markets cannot always keep the environment healthy．If no one owns the resource concemed，no one has an interest in conserving it or fostering it：fish is the best example of this．
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