题目内容：
根据材料，回答问题。第一篇
Technology Transfer in Germany
When it comes to translating basic research into industrial Success, few nations can matchGermany. Since the 1940s, the nation's vast industrial base has been fed with a constant streamof new ideas and expertise from science. And though German prosperity (繁荣) has faltered(衰退) over the past decade because of the huge cost of unifying east and west as well as theglobal economic decline, it still has an enviable record for turning ideas into profit.
Much of the reason for that success is the Fraunhofer Society, a network of researchinstitutes that exists solely to solve industrial problems and create sought-after technologies. Buttoday the Fraunhofer institutes have competition. Universities are taking an ever larger role intechnology transfer, and technology parks are springing up all over, These efforts are beingcomplemented by the federal programmes for pumping money into start-up companies.
Such a strategy may sound like a recipe for economic success, but it is not without itscritics. These people worry that favouring applied research will mean neglecting basic science,eventually starving industry of fresh ideas. If every scientist starts thinking like an entrepreneur(企业家), the argument goes, then the traditional principles of university research beingcuriosity-driven, free and widely available will suffer.Others claim that many of theprogrammes to promote technology transfer are a waste of money because half the smallbusinesses that are promoted are bound to go bankrupt within a few years.
While this debate continues, new ideas flow at a steady rate from Germany's researchnetworks, which bear famous names such as Helmholtz, Max Planck and Leibniz. Yet it is thefourth network, the Fraunhofer Society, that plays the greatest role in technology transfer.
Founded in 1949, the Fraunhofer Society is now Europe's largest organisation for appliedtechnology, and has 59 institutes employing 12,000 people. It continues to grow. Last year, itswallowed up the Heinrich Hertz Institute for Communication Technology in Berlin. Today,there are even Fraunhofers in the US and Asia.
What factor can be attributed to German prosperity__________? A．Technology transfer.
B．Good management.
C．Hard work.
D．Fierce competition.
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