题目内容:
Part BDirections:
The following paragraph are given in awrong order. For Questions 41-45, you are required to reorganize theseparagraphs into a coherent text by choosing from the list A-G to filling theminto the numbered boxes. Paragraphs E and G have been correctly placed. Markyour answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
[A] No disciplines have seized onprofessionalism with as much enthusiasm as the humanities. You can, Mr Menandpoints out, became a lawyer in three years and a medical doctor in four. Butthe regular time it takes to get a doctoral degree in the humanities is nineyears. Not surprisingly, up to half of all doctoral students in English dropout before getting their degrees.
[B] His concern is mainly with thehumanities: Literature, languages, philosophy and so on. These are disciplinesthat are going out of style: 22% of American college graduates now major inbusiness compared with only 2% in history and 4% in English. However, manyleading American universities want their undergraduates to have a grounding inthe basic canon of ideas that every educated person should posses. But mostfind it difficult to agree on what a “general education” should look like. AtHarvard, Mr Menand notes, “the great books are read because they have beenread”-they form a sort of social glue.
[C] Equally unsurprisingly, only about halfend up with professorships for which they entered graduate school. There aresimply too few posts. This is partly because universities continue to produceever more PhDs. But fewer students want to study humanities subjects: English departmentsawarded more bachelor’s degrees in 1970-71 than they did 20 years later. Fewerstudents requires fewer teachers. So, at the end of a decade of theses-writing,many humanities students leave the profession to do something for which theyhave not been trained.
[D] One reason why it is hard to design andteach such courses is that they can cut across the insistence by top Americanuniversities that liberal-arts educations and professional education should bekept separate, taught in different schools. Many students experience bothvarieties. Although more than half of Harvard undergraduates end up in law,medicine or business, future doctors and lawyers must study a non-specialistliberal-arts degree before embarking on a professional qualification.
[E] Besides professionalizing theprofessions by this separation, top American universities have professionalisedthe professor. The growth in public money for academic research has speeded theprocess: federal research grants rose fourfold between 1960and 1990, butfaculty teaching hours fell by half as research took its toll. Professionalismhas turned the acquisition of a doctoral degree into a prerequisite for asuccessful academic career: as late as 1969a third of American professors did not possess one.But the key idea behind professionalisation, argues Mr Menand, is that “theknowledge and skills needed for a particular specialization ar
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