题目内容:
根据以下材料,回答题Text 1
PaoloFril,chairmanandscientificofficerofGeneDupe,basedinSanMelito,California,isamanwithadream.Thedreamisadragonineveryhome.
GeneDupe'sbusinessisbiotechpets.NotforDr.Fill,though,thecloningofdeadcatsanddogs.Heplansarangeofentirelynewanimals--or,rather,ofreallyquiteoldanimals,withthetwistthatwhentheydidexist,itwasonlyintheimagination.
Makingamythicalcreaturerealisnoteasy.ButGeneDupe'steamofbiologistsandcomputerscienfistsreckontheyareequaltothetask.Theirsecretisanewfield,whichtheycall"virtualcellbiology".
Biologyandcomputinghavealotincommon,sincebothareaboutprocessinginformation—inonecaseelectronic;intheother,biochemical.Virtualcellbiologyaspirestomakeasoftwaremodelofacellthatisaccurateineverybiochemicaldetail.Thatispossiblebecauseallanimalcellsuse
thesamepartslist--mitochondriaforenergyprocessing,theendoplasmicreticulumformakingproteins,Golgibodyforproteinassembly,andsoon.
Armedwiththeirvirtualcell,GeneDupe'sscientistscancustomizetheresultsothatitbelongstoaparticularspecies,byloadingitwithavirtualcopyofthatanimal'sgenome.Then,ifthecellisalso
loadedwiththerightvirtualmolecules,itwillbehavelikeafertilizedegg,andstartdividinganddevelopingfirstintoembryo,andultimatelyintoanadult.
Becausethis"growth"isgoingoninacomputer,ithappensfast.PassingfromeggtoadultinoneofGeneDupe'senormousMythmakercomputerstakeslessthanaminute.Anditisherethat
CharlesDarwingetsalookin.Withsuchashortgenerationtime,GeneDupe'sscientistscanaddalittleevolutiontotheirproducts.
Eachcomputerstartswithasearchimage(dragon,unicorn,griffin,etc),andthegenomeoftherealanimalmostcloselyresemblingit(alizardforthedragon,ahorsefortheunicornandmost
taxingly,thesplicedgenomesofalionandaneagleforthegriffin).Thevirtualgenomesoftheserealanimalsarethentweakedbyrandomelectronicmutations.Whentheyhavematured,
thevirtualadultsmostcloselyresemblingthetargetsarepickedandcross-bred,whiletheothersareculled.
Usingthisrapidevolutionaryprocess,GeneDupe'sscientistshavearrivedatgenomesforarangeofmythologicalcreaturesinacomputer,atleast.Thenextstage,onwhichtheyarejustembarking,
istodoitforreal.
Thisinvolvessynthesizing,withactualDNA,thegeneticmaterialthatthecomputermodelspredictwillproducethemythicalcreatures.ThesyntheticDNAistheninsertedintoacellthathashadits
naturalnucleusremoved.Theresult,Dr.Fillandhiscommercialbackershope,willbeareallivedragon,unicornorwhatyouhave.Dr.Frilisconfidentabouthisnewidea.Indeed,ifhecan
getthedragon'srespirationcorrect,hethinkstheywillsettheworldonfire.
Dr.Fril'snewambitionistoclone A.petsingeneral.
B.rareanimals.
C.prehistoricanimals.
D.imaginaryanimals.
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